Calla lilies, with their elegant, trumpet-shaped flowers, are a popular choice for gardens and bouquets alike. Their striking beauty, however, belies a few specific care needs. Understanding these needs is key to enjoying these stunning plants year after year. This guide will walk you through everything you need to know about calla lily care, from planting and watering to fertilization and pest control.
Understanding Calla Lily Varieties
Before diving into care instructions, it's important to note that there are several varieties of calla lilies. While the care instructions below apply broadly, subtle differences might exist depending on your specific variety. Generally, you'll find two main types:
- Hardy Calla Lilies (Zantedeschia aethiopica): These are more cold-tolerant and can often survive outdoors in milder climates.
- Tender Calla Lilies (Zantedeschia hybrids): These require warmer temperatures and are typically grown as annuals or potted plants that are brought indoors during colder months.
Always check the specific needs of your variety for optimal results.
Planting Your Calla Lilies
Choosing the Right Location: Calla lilies thrive in partial shade to full sun. However, avoid intense afternoon sun, which can scorch their leaves. Well-draining soil is crucial; soggy conditions can lead to root rot.
Planting Time: The best time to plant calla lilies is in spring after the last frost.
Planting Process:
- Prepare the Soil: Amend your soil with compost or other organic matter to improve drainage and fertility.
- Planting Depth: Plant the corms 2-4 inches deep and 6-12 inches apart, depending on the size of the corm and the variety.
- Watering: Water thoroughly after planting.
Calla Lily Care: Watering, Feeding, and More
Watering: Calla lilies prefer consistently moist soil, but not soggy. Water deeply and regularly, especially during dry spells. Allow the top inch of soil to dry slightly between waterings to prevent root rot.
Fertilizing: Feed your calla lilies regularly during the growing season (spring and summer) with a balanced liquid fertilizer. Follow the instructions on the fertilizer package for proper application.
Mulching: Applying a layer of mulch around the plants helps retain moisture and suppress weeds.
Deadheading: Remove spent flowers to encourage more blooms and prevent seed production, which can drain the plant's energy.
Overwintering Calla Lilies
Hardy Calla Lilies: In milder climates, hardy calla lilies can remain outdoors year-round. However, providing a layer of mulch during winter will protect the corms from freezing temperatures.
Tender Calla Lilies: Tender calla lilies need to be brought indoors before the first frost. Allow the foliage to die back naturally, then lift the corms and store them in a cool, dry place over winter. Replant them outdoors in spring.
Pest and Disease Control
Calla lilies are generally resistant to pests and diseases, but they can sometimes be affected by:
- Root Rot: Caused by overwatering. Ensure good drainage and avoid overwatering.
- Leaf Spot: A fungal disease that causes brown spots on the leaves. Remove affected leaves and ensure good air circulation.
- Aphids: Small insects that can suck the sap from the plant. Treat with insecticidal soap or neem oil.
Harvesting Calla Lily Flowers
Calla lilies produce stunning cut flowers. To harvest, cut the stems at an angle with a sharp knife or shears. Remove lower leaves that would be submerged in water in a vase. Enjoy your beautiful blooms!
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Q: How long do calla lilies bloom?
A: Calla lilies typically bloom for several weeks, sometimes longer, depending on the variety and growing conditions.
Q: Can calla lilies be grown in containers?
A: Yes, calla lilies can be grown successfully in containers. Choose a container with adequate drainage.
Q: Are calla lilies poisonous?
A: Yes, all parts of the calla lily are poisonous if ingested. Keep them away from children and pets.
By following these simple care tips, you can enjoy the breathtaking beauty of calla lilies in your garden or home for years to come. Remember to adapt your care based on your specific climate and variety. Happy gardening!
