Impatiens, with their vibrant blooms and low-maintenance nature, are a favorite among gardeners. Learning how to grow impatiens from seeds allows you to cultivate a stunning array of colors and varieties at a fraction of the cost of buying established plants. This comprehensive guide will walk you through the process, from seed starting to transplanting, ensuring success even for beginner gardeners.
Understanding Impatiens Seeds
Before we delve into the growing process, let's understand the nature of impatiens seeds. They are relatively small and fine, requiring careful handling. Some varieties germinate quickly, while others may take a bit longer. Patience is key! Knowing your specific impatiens variety will help you tailor your approach.
Choosing the Right Seeds
Select high-quality seeds from reputable suppliers. Look for seeds that are clearly labeled with the variety name and have a good germination rate. Reading reviews from other gardeners can also be helpful in choosing a reliable source.
Starting Impatiens Seeds Indoors
Starting impatiens seeds indoors gives them a head start, allowing them to establish strong root systems before the last frost.
Timing is Everything
Start seeds indoors 6-8 weeks before the last expected frost in your area. This ensures your impatiens are ready to be planted outside when the weather is consistently warm.
Preparing the Seed Starting Mix
Use a well-draining seed-starting mix, not garden soil. Garden soil is often too dense and can lead to damping off, a fungal disease that kills seedlings. A sterile mix prevents this problem.
Sowing the Seeds
- Gentle is Key: Sprinkle the tiny seeds on the surface of the moist seed-starting mix. Don't bury them too deep; light is needed for germination.
- Light Covering: Lightly cover the seeds with a thin layer of the seed-starting mix or vermiculite.
- Watering: Gently water the seeds using a spray bottle to avoid washing them away.
- Humidity: Cover the seed tray with plastic wrap or a humidity dome to maintain high humidity, crucial for germination.
Germination and Care
- Warmth: Keep the seed tray in a warm location (70-75°F or 21-24°C).
- Light: Provide bright, indirect light. Avoid direct sunlight, which can scorch the delicate seedlings.
- Ventilation: Once seedlings emerge, remove the plastic wrap or humidity dome to allow for better air circulation and prevent fungal diseases.
- Watering: Keep the soil consistently moist but not soggy.
Transplanting Impatiens Seedlings
Once the seedlings have developed several sets of true leaves (not the cotyledons, or seed leaves) and are about 2-3 inches tall, it's time to transplant them.
Hardening Off
Before transplanting outside, gradually acclimate the seedlings to outdoor conditions through a process called "hardening off." This helps them adjust to the sun, wind, and temperature changes.
Choosing the Right Location
Impatiens prefer partial shade to full shade, especially during the hottest part of the day. They thrive in moist, well-drained soil.
Transplanting
- Prepare the soil: Amend the soil with compost to improve drainage and fertility.
- Spacing: Plant seedlings 6-12 inches apart, depending on the mature size of the variety.
- Watering: Water thoroughly after transplanting.
Ongoing Care
- Watering: Keep the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged.
- Fertilizing: Feed your impatiens with a balanced liquid fertilizer every few weeks.
- Deadheading: Regularly remove spent flowers to encourage more blooms.
- Pest and Disease Control: Monitor for pests and diseases and take appropriate action if necessary.
Troubleshooting Common Problems
- Damping Off: This fungal disease can kill seedlings. Ensure good air circulation and avoid overwatering.
- Leggy Seedlings: This occurs when seedlings don't receive enough light. Provide more light or move them closer to a light source.
- Yellowing Leaves: This can indicate overwatering or underwatering. Adjust your watering schedule accordingly.
By following these steps, you'll be well on your way to enjoying a vibrant display of impatiens grown from seed. Happy gardening!
